1 Kings 2:19

Authorized King James Version

PDF

Bath-sheba therefore went unto king Solomon, to speak unto him for Adonijah. And the king rose up to meet her, and bowed himself unto her, and sat down on his throne, and caused a seat to be set for the king's mother; and she sat on his right hand.

Original Language Analysis

וַתָּבֹ֤א therefore went H935
וַתָּבֹ֤א therefore went
Strong's: H935
Word #: 1 of 24
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
בַת H0
בַת
Strong's: H0
Word #: 2 of 24
שֶׁ֙בַע֙ Bathsheba H1339
שֶׁ֙בַע֙ Bathsheba
Strong's: H1339
Word #: 3 of 24
bath-sheba, the mother of solomon
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 4 of 24
near, with or among; often in general, to
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ And the king H4428
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ And the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 5 of 24
a king
שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה Solomon H8010
שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה Solomon
Strong's: H8010
Word #: 6 of 24
shelomah, david's successor
לְדַבֶּר to speak H1696
לְדַבֶּר to speak
Strong's: H1696
Word #: 7 of 24
perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
ל֖וֹ H0
ל֖וֹ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 8 of 24
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 9 of 24
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
אֲדֹֽנִיָּ֑הוּ unto him for Adonijah H138
אֲדֹֽנִיָּ֑הוּ unto him for Adonijah
Strong's: H138
Word #: 10 of 24
adonijah, the name of three israelites
וַיָּקָם֩ rose up H6965
וַיָּקָם֩ rose up
Strong's: H6965
Word #: 11 of 24
to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ And the king H4428
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ And the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 12 of 24
a king
לִקְרָאתָ֜הּ to meet H7125
לִקְרָאתָ֜הּ to meet
Strong's: H7125
Word #: 13 of 24
an encountering, accidental, friendly or hostile (also adverbially, opposite)
וַיִּשְׁתַּ֣חוּ her and bowed H7812
וַיִּשְׁתַּ֣חוּ her and bowed
Strong's: H7812
Word #: 14 of 24
to depress, i.e., prostrate (especially reflexive, in homage to royalty or god)
לָ֗הּ H0
לָ֗הּ
Strong's: H0
Word #: 15 of 24
וַתֵּ֖שֶׁב and she sat H3427
וַתֵּ֖שֶׁב and she sat
Strong's: H3427
Word #: 16 of 24
properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 17 of 24
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
כִּסֵּא֙ and caused a seat H3678
כִּסֵּא֙ and caused a seat
Strong's: H3678
Word #: 18 of 24
properly, covered, i.e., a throne (as canopied)
וַיָּ֤שֶׂם to be set H7760
וַיָּ֤שֶׂם to be set
Strong's: H7760
Word #: 19 of 24
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
כִּסֵּא֙ and caused a seat H3678
כִּסֵּא֙ and caused a seat
Strong's: H3678
Word #: 20 of 24
properly, covered, i.e., a throne (as canopied)
לְאֵ֣ם mother H517
לְאֵ֣ם mother
Strong's: H517
Word #: 21 of 24
a mother (as the bond of the family); in a wide sense (both literally and figuratively [like father])
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ And the king H4428
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ And the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 22 of 24
a king
וַתֵּ֖שֶׁב and she sat H3427
וַתֵּ֖שֶׁב and she sat
Strong's: H3427
Word #: 23 of 24
properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
לִֽימִינֽוֹ׃ on his right hand H3225
לִֽימִינֽוֹ׃ on his right hand
Strong's: H3225
Word #: 24 of 24
the right hand or side (leg, eye) of a person or other object (as the stronger and more dexterous); locally, the south

Analysis & Commentary

Bath-sheba therefore went unto king Solomon, to speak unto him for Adonijah. And the king rose up to meet her, and bowed himself unto her, and sat down on his throne, and caused a seat to be set for the king's mother; and she sat on his right hand.

This verse contributes to the broader narrative of david's death and solomon's consolidation of power, within the book's focus on succession narrative and establishment of Solomon's reign.

The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.

Historical Context

First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. This passage describes events around 970 BCE during the transition from David to Solomon.

Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

People

Study Resources